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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 2.10.37-40
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A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
TEXTS 37-40
- prajā-patīn manūn devān
- ṛṣīn pitṛ-gaṇān pṛthak
- siddha-cāraṇa-gandharvān
- vidyādhrāsura-guhyakān
- kinnarāpsaraso nāgān
- sarpān kimpuruṣān narān
- mātṟ rakṣaḥ-piśācāṁś ca
- preta-bhūta-vināyakān
- kūṣmāṇḍonmāda-vetālān
- yātudhānān grahān api
- khagān mṛgān paśūn vṛkṣān
- girīn nṛpa sarīsṛpān
- dvi-vidhāś catur-vidhā ye 'nye
- jala-sthala-nabhaukasaḥ
- kuśalākuśalā miśrāḥ
- karmaṇāṁ gatayas tv imāḥ
prajāBrahmā and his sons like Dakṣa and others-patīnBrahmā and his sons like Dakṣa and others — Brahmā and his sons like Dakṣa and others; manūnthe periodical heads like Vaivasvata Manu — the periodical heads like Vaivasvata Manu; devānlike Indra, Candra and Varuṇa — like Indra, Candra and Varuṇa; ṛṣīnlike Bhṛgu and Vasiṣṭha — like Bhṛgu and Vasiṣṭha; pitṛthe inhabitants of the Pitā planets-gaṇānthe inhabitants of the Pitā planets — the inhabitants of the Pitā planets; pṛthakseparately — separately; siddhathe inhabitants of the Siddha planet — the inhabitants of the Siddha planet; cāraṇathe inhabitants of the Cāraṇa planet — the inhabitants of the Cāraṇa planet; gandharvānthe inhabitants of the Gandharva planets — the inhabitants of the Gandharva planets; vidyādhrathe inhabitants of the Vidyādhara planet — the inhabitants of the Vidyādhara planet; asurathe atheists — the atheists; guhyakānthe inhabitants of the Yakṣa planet — the inhabitants of the Yakṣa planet; kinnarathe inhabitants of the Kinnara planet — the inhabitants of the Kinnara planet; apsarasaḥthe beautiful angels of the Apsarā planet — the beautiful angels of the Apsarā planet; nāgānthe serpentine inhabitants of Nāgaloka — the serpentine inhabitants of Nāgaloka; sarpānthe inhabitants of Sarpaloka (snakes) — the inhabitants of Sarpaloka (snakes); kimpuruṣānthe monkey-shaped inhabitants of the Kimpuruṣa planet — the monkey-shaped inhabitants of the Kimpuruṣa planet; narānthe inhabitants of earth — the inhabitants of earth; mātṛthe inhabitants of Mātṛloka — the inhabitants of Mātṛloka; rakṣaḥthe inhabitants of the demoniac planet — the inhabitants of the demoniac planet; piśācānthe inhabitants of Piśācaloka — the inhabitants of Piśācaloka; caalso — also; pretathe inhabitants of Pretaloka — the inhabitants of Pretaloka; bhūtathe evil spirits — the evil spirits; vināyakānthe goblins — the goblins; kūṣmāṇḍawill-o'-the-wisp — will-o'-the-wisp; unmādalunatics — lunatics; vetālānthe jinn — the jinn; yātudhānāna particular type of evil spirit — a particular type of evil spirit; grahānthe good and evil stars — the good and evil stars; apialso — also; khagānthe birds — the birds; mṛgānthe forest animals — the forest animals; paśūnthe household animals — the household animals; vṛkṣānthe ghosts — the ghosts; girīnthe mountains — the mountains; nṛpaO King — O King; sarīsṛpānreptiles — reptiles; dvithe moving and the standing living entities-vidhāḥthe moving and the standing living entities — the moving and the standing living entities; catuḥliving entities born from embryos, eggs, perspiration and seeds-vidhāḥliving entities born from embryos, eggs, perspiration and seeds — living entities born from embryos, eggs, perspiration and seeds; yeothers — others; anyeall — all; jalawater — water; sthalaland — land; nabhabirds-okasaḥbirds — birds; kuśalain happiness — in happiness; akuśalāḥin distress — in distress; miśrāḥin mixed happiness and distress — in mixed happiness and distress; karmaṇāmaccording to one's own past deeds — according to one's own past deeds; gatayaḥas result of — as result of; tubut — but; imāḥall of them — all of them.
O King, know from me that all living entities are created by the Supreme Lord according to their past deeds. This includes Brahmā and his sons like Dakṣa, the periodical heads like Vaivasvata Manu, the demigods like Indra, Candra and Varuṇa, the great sages like Bhṛgu, Vyāsa and Vasiṣṭha, the inhabitants of Pitṛloka and Siddhaloka, the Cāraṇas, Gandharvas, Vidyādharas, Asuras, Yakṣas, Kinnaras and angels, the serpentines, the monkey-shaped Kimpuruṣas, the human beings, the inhabitants of Mātṛloka, the demons, Piśācas, ghosts, spirits, lunatics and evil spirits, the good and evil stars, the goblins, the animals in the forest, the birds, the household animals, the reptiles, the mountains, the moving and standing living entities, the living entities born from embryos, from eggs, from perspiration and from seeds, and all others, whether they be in the water, land or sky, in happiness, in distress or in mixed happiness and distress. All of them, according to their past deeds, are created by the Supreme Lord.
The varieties of living entities are mentioned in this list, and, with no exception from the topmost planet down to the lowest planet of the universe, all of them in different species of life are created by the Almighty Father, Viṣṇu. Therefore no one is independent of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. In the Bhagavad-gītā (BG 14.4, Not yet available in the library. Try the live source.) the Lord therefore claims all living entities as His offspring in the following verse:
- sarva-yoniṣu kaunteya
- mūrtayaḥ sambhavanti yāḥ
- tāsāṁ brahma mahad yonir
- ahaṁ bīja-pradaḥ pitā
The material nature is compared to the mother. Although every living being is seen to come out of the mother's body, it is still a fact that the mother is not the ultimate cause of such a birth. The father is the ultimate cause of birth. Without the father's seed, no mother can give birth to a child. Therefore the living beings in different varieties of forms and positions within the innumerable universes are all born of the seeds of the Almighty Father, the Personality of Godhead, and only to the man with a poor fund of knowledge they appear to be born of the material nature. Being under the material energy of the Supreme Lord, all living entities beginning from Brahmā down to the insignificant ant are manifested in different bodies according to their past deeds.
The material nature is one of the energies of the Lord (BG 7.4, Not yet available in the library. Try the live source.). The material nature is inferior in comparison to the living entities, the superior nature. The superior nature and inferior nature of the Lord combine to manifest all universal affairs.
Some of the living entities are relatively happy in better conditions of life, whereas others are in distressed conditions of life. But factually, none of them are actually happy in material conditional life. No one can be happy in prison life, although one may be a first-class prisoner and another a third-class prisoner. The intelligent person should not try to be promoted from third-class prison life to first-class prison life, but should try to be released from the prison altogether. One may be promoted to first-class prisoner, but the same first-class prisoner is again degraded to a third-class prisoner in the next term. One should try to be free from prison life and go back home, back to Godhead. That is the real goal for all types of living entities.