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Bhagavad-gītā 2.45
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A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
TEXT 45
- त्रैगुण्यविषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवार्जुन ।
- निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् ॥४५॥
- trai-guṇya-viṣayā vedā
- nistrai-guṇyo bhavārjuna
- nirdvandvo nitya-sattva-stho
- niryoga-kṣema ātmavān
traiguṇyapertaining to the three modes of material nature—pertaining to the three modes of material nature; viṣayāḥon the subject matter—on the subject matter; vedāḥVedic literatures—Vedic literatures; nistraiguṇyaḥin a pure state of spiritual existence—in a pure state of spiritual existence; bhavabe—be; arjunaO Arjuna—O Arjuna; nirdvandvaḥfree from the pains of opposites—free from the pains of opposites; nitya-sattva-sthaḥever remaining in sattva (goodness)—ever remaining in sattvaever remaining in sattva (goodness) (goodness); niryoga-kṣemaḥfree from (the thought of) acquisition and preservation—free from (the thought of) acquisition and preservation; ātmavānestablished in the Self—established in the Self.
The Vedas mainly deal with the subject of the three modes of material nature. Rise above these modes, O Arjuna. Be transcendental to all of them. Be free from all dualities and from all anxieties for gain and safety, and be established in the Self.
All material activities involve actions and reactions in the three modes of material nature. They are meant for fruitive results, which cause bondage in the material world. The Vedas deal mostly with fruitive activities to gradually elevate the general public from the field of sense gratification to a position on the transcendental plane. Arjuna, as a student and friend of Lord Kṛṣṇa, is advised to raise himself to the transcendental position of Vedānta philosophy where, in the beginning, there is brahma-jijñāsā, or questions on the Supreme Transcendence. All the living entities who are in the material world are struggling very hard for existence. For them the Lord, after creation of the material world, gave the Vedic wisdom advising how to live and get rid of the material entanglement. When the activities for sense gratification, namely the karma-kāṇḍa chapter, are finished, then the chance for spiritual realization is offered in the form of the Upaniṣads, which are part of different Vedas, as the Bhagavad-gītā is a part of the fifth Veda, namely the Mahābhārata. The Upaniṣads mark the beginning of transcendental life.
As long as the material body exists, there are actions and reactions in the material modes. One has to learn tolerance in the face of dualities such as happiness and distress, or cold and warmth, and by tolerating such dualities become free from anxieties regarding gain and loss. This transcendental position is achieved in full Kṛṣṇa consciousness when one is fully dependant on the good will of Kṛṣṇa.